How far must the side rails of a ladder extend above the upper landing surface?

The requirement for ladder side rails to extend above the upper landing surface is a crucial safety aspect in ladder use and is outlined in standards like the OSHA regulations. The appropriate extension is at least 3 feet above the upper landing surface. This height provides a safe handhold for users to maintain their balance and secure themselves while stepping off the ladder and onto the landing. It minimizes the risk of slipping or losing stability, which can lead to accidents or falls.

Options stating lesser extensions, such as one foot or five feet, do not meet standard safety requirements. A one-foot extension is insufficient for adequate support, and while five feet may provide extra security, it is typically not necessary or practical unless specified for particular situations. Therefore, the requirement of at least three feet strikes a balance between safety and practicality in normal ladder usage.